Abstract: Functional nanomaterials have broad application prospects in many fields such as catalysis, energy and sensing, due to their unique structures and excellent properties. Through control of their synthesis and assembly processes, we can regulate their properties effectively. In this paper, we give a brief summary of our recent progress in the synthesis of new functional nanomaterials. We have conducted in-depth investigations on the selective synthesis of nanocrystals, bio-coordination polymers and biomolecule-inorganic hybrid nanostructures. Systemic studies have also been made on the self-assembly and superstructural chirality in metal-cysteine biocoordination polymers. In addition, we have observed reversible photoswitchable fluorescence in self-assembled inorganic hybrid nanostructures, which has potential applications in the field of optical information recording.