Abstract: Through millions of years of evolution, life has undergone almost all the processes of intelligent control. Learning from nature is the eternal theme of the development of novel smart materials and new intelligent systems. Biological nanochannels, for example, water channels and ion channels, play a very important role in basic cellular molecular biological processes. Various biomimetic smart single nanochannels which can respond to external stimuli (pH, temperature, ions, etc.) are currently being studied. We report our latest research inspired by water and ion channels, and also present an overview of this research field.