Abstract: The paper describes the achievements of Dr. Charles K. Kao, who received the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics. This is the ninth time the Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded for research that has ultimately become a huge industry. The recent development of the optical fiber communication and its progress from a pure physical research project to finally become an information industry and enormously benefit society is clearly remarkable. Clearly, the relationship of the source and course for pure physical research and the resulting industry is closely related to extraordinary human effort.