开环多普勒技术用于火星快车的观测验证

Open loop Doppler technology for the Mars Express tracking experiment

摘要: 利用中国甚长基线干涉（very long baseline interferometry,缩写为VLBI)网天线资源以及“嫦娥一号”(Chang’e-1,缩写为CE-1)卫星观测试验, 首次实现了中国深空任务的开环多普勒测量. 这一新的测量技术应用于欧洲航天局（European Space Agency,缩写为ESA）的“火星快车”（Mars Express,缩写为MEX）探测器的观测实验中. 实验结果显示, 在1s积分情况下, 开环多普勒（三程）测量精度随机误差达到1mm/s, 这一精度与通常的闭环多普勒（双程）水平相当. 开环多普勒（三程）数据已经开始尝试用于卫星的定轨, 今后有关开环多普勒数据的科学应用也在准备中.

Abstract: Using the radio telescopes in the Chinese very long baseline interferometry network (CVN) and sampling board, we have developed algorithms that extract open loop Doppler information from the radio tracking data of Chang’e-1 and Mars Express. Our latest results indicate that the Doppler residuals are about 1mm/s in 1s integration time, relative to an 8.4GHz carrier. Open loop Doppler data have been used in the orbit determination of Mars Express.