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太阳日冕物质抛射的磁流体力学性质

The hydromagnetic nature of solar coronal mass ejections

  • 摘要: 太阳是离地球最近的一颗恒星,太阳日冕物质抛射是太阳大气中最剧烈的一种活动现象.当日冕物质抛射爆发时,大量的等离子体物质从接近太阳日面的低日冕被抛出,瞬时释放出巨大的能量.当一部分这些物质和能量传播到地球附近时,可以造成短波通讯中断、卫星工作失常等破坏性现象.文章作者认为,是缠绕的太阳磁场提供了足够的能量,使这些日冕物质可以克服恒星的重力以及周边磁场的束缚抛射出来;而磁螺度在日冕中的不断积累,不仅为日冕物质抛射提供了能量基础,而且使爆发在一定程度上成为一种日冕演化的必然.

     

    Abstract: The Sun is our star, the nearest star. The solar coronal mass ejection (CME) is one of the most violent activities in the solar atmosphere. When a CME takes place, it releases 1015-16 g of plasma from the low corona into the solar wind, to disturb the near-Earth space and hence bring adverse consequences if the CME is directed toward us. In this paper we present a brief summary of our current understanding of the origin of CMEs. We believe that it is the twisted magnetic field that stores enough free magnetic energy for a CME to erupt. We argue that the accumulation of magnetic helicity in the corona plays an important role: not only will it bring in free magnetic energy storage as a natural result, but also it will result in a CME-type eruption as an unavoidable event in the process of a coronal evolution.

     

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