Abstract: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded to three scientists “for groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems”. Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann shared half of the prize“for the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming”. Giorgio Parisi received the other half of the prize “for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales”. The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to complexity science, which not only indicates that this field has attracted much attention in scientific communities, but also brings to light new opportunities for the development of complexity science.