超短超强激光驱动新型粒子加速器：机遇和挑战

Novel particle accelerators driven by ultrashort and ultraintense lasers: opportunities and challenges

摘要: 2018年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了因发明“光学镊子”和“啁啾激光脉冲放大”两项重大技术的3位科学家。其中啁啾激光脉冲放大技术使得人们在实验室获得了前所未有的超短超强激光脉冲。文章简要介绍了由超短超强激光开拓的新兴科学前沿，特别是这种强激光技术推动下的新型粒子加速器研究的发展、机遇和挑战。

Abstract: The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Arthur Ashkin for his invention of optical tweezers, and to Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland for their invention of chirped pulse amplification for optical pulses. The latter technique has enabled us to generate intense ultrashort laser pulses with unprecedented peak powers. We present a brief overview of the new scientific frontiers carved out with such lasers. In particular, the development, opportunities and challenges associated with novel types of particle accelerators driven by intense ultrafast lasers will be discussed.