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声波的“漩涡”——声学轨道角动量的产生、操控与应用

Acoustic vortices: production, manipulation and application of acoustic rbital angular momentum

  • 摘要: 具有螺旋形相位位错的声涡旋场近来受到了大量关注,因为其所携带的声学轨道角动量具有重要的理论意义与显著的应用价值。当声涡旋与物体相互作用时可以实现角动量的传递,产生可以远程局域或者旋转物体的力矩,这种力学效应对粒子操控等领域意义重大。产生声学轨道角动量的传统方法需要使用由大量独立操控的换能器组成的有源声阵列或是具有不平整厚度及螺旋形结构的无源材料,限制了其在实际中的应用潜力。为利用平面状的小尺寸器件来高效产生声学轨道角动量,发展了基于共振原理的角动量生成技术。最近,声学轨道角动量被拓展至用于开辟新的多路复用信道,以实现高容量的声学通信。文章详细介绍声学轨道角动量的产生、操控及应用方面的最新研究进展。

     

    Abstract: vortices with spiral phase dislocations have recently attracted considerable attention due to the theoretical and application importance of their orbital angular momentum(OAM). The transfer of acoustic OAM to matter produces a torque that can trap and rotate tiny objects contactlessly, with deep implications in applications such as particle manipulation. Acoustic vortices have been traditionally generated by active methods in need of phased arrays comprising a large number of individually addressed transducers or by passive materials with spatially-varying thickness and spiral structures, which may limit their potential in practical applications. Lately, a resonance-based production of acoustic OAM devices has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated which offers a solution with high efficiency, compact size and planar profile. Even more recently, the application of acoustic OAM has been extended to open a new approach for multiplexing and de-multiplexing to boost high-capacity acoustic communication. This article will present a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the production, manipulation and application of acoustic OAM-carrying vortex beams.

     

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